Byju’s, once India’s most valued edtech startup, has been under scrutiny due to financial mismanagement, accounting irregularities, and allegations of fraud. The company, which was valued at over $22 billion in 2022, faced a series of legal and financial setbacks, prompting regulatory investigations.
The case involves accusations of inflating revenue, aggressive loan-based sales tactics, non-compliance with Indian accounting standards, and alleged fund diversion. By 2024, multiple agencies, including the ED, SEBI, and MCA, launched probes into Byju’s financial dealings
Key Allegations Against Byju’s
Financial Misrepresentation & Revenue Inflation
- Byju’s allegedly inflated its revenue by booking sales that were not realized, a violation of Indian accounting standards.
- Auditors Deloitte resigned in 2023, citing lack of financial transparency.
- $533 million (~₹4,400 crore) in funds were allegedly moved to an undisclosed hedge fund, raising suspicions of fund diversion
[Source: ED Investigation Report, 2024]
Violation of Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA)
- Byju’s allegedly violated FEMA rules by failing to report overseas investments and fund transfers properly.
- Enforcement Directorate (ED) initiated a FEMA investigation, scrutinizing its offshore transactions
[Source: ED Notice to Byju’s, 2024]
Aggressive Sales & Loan-Based Subscription Model
- Byju’s was accused of misleading parents into taking education loans for courses they didn’t understand.
- Several consumer complaints were filed against Byju’s for misrepresentation and coercive sales tactics
[Source: Consumer Affairs Ministry Report, 2023]
Non-Compliance with Corporate Governance & Audit Failures
- Byju’s delayed filing financial reports, violating SEBI regulations.
- Failure to appoint independent directors and governance lapses raised red flags [Source: SEBI Corporate Governance Review, 2023]
Regulations and Findings
Red Flags
- Unrealistic Growth & Revenue Figures: Byju’s reported revenue growth despite market slowdowns and high operational costs. Auditors found discrepancies between revenue booked and actual cash inflows
- Delayed Financial Filings: Byju’s failed to file FY22 financial results on time, prompting scrutiny from SEBI and investors
- CEO’s Defensive Approach & Resignations: Several board members, including key investors, resigned in 2023, citing lack of corporate governance
- Debt Defaults & Legal Battles: Byju’s defaulted on a $1.2 billion term loan, triggering legal action from lenders
[Source: Financial Times, 2023]
What triggered the Investigation
- In mid-2023, auditors flagged irregularities in Byju’s financial reports, leading to increased scrutiny.
- Consumer complaints regarding aggressive loan-based sales tactics led to regulatory action.
- ED and SEBI began investigating Byju’s financial transactions, overseas funding, and corporate governance violations
[Source: SEBI & ED Investigation Reports, 2024]